# Ports and Adapters Architecture

> A convention of placing every external dependency behind a port the application owns, implemented by an adapter outside it.

Record: `architecture:ports-and-adapters-architecture`
Kind: style
Layer: [Structural Core](https://banes-lab.com/records/layer/structural-core.md)
Severity: recommended
Scope: application, service, component
Canonical: https://banes-lab.com/ontology#architecture-ports-and-adapters-architecture

Listed in [Architecture principles](https://banes-lab.com/api/records/architecture.md), after [Session Management](https://banes-lab.com/records/architecture/session-management.md) and before [Hexagonal Architecture](https://banes-lab.com/records/architecture/hexagonal-architecture.md).

## Repair

- Refactored by: Introduce Port, Extract Adapter
- Detected by: inward/outward dependency violations
- Violated by: domain/application importing infrastructure
- Measured by: adapter coverage, boundary purity
- Enforced by: layer dependency rules

## Requires

- [Ports](https://banes-lab.com/records/lexicon/ports.md)
- [Adapters](https://banes-lab.com/records/lexicon/adapters.md)
- [Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)](https://banes-lab.com/records/architecture/dependency-inversion.md)

## Reinforces

- [Replaceability](https://banes-lab.com/records/architecture/replaceability.md)
- [Testability](https://banes-lab.com/records/architecture/testability.md)

## Enables

- [Infrastructure Independence](https://banes-lab.com/records/lexicon/infrastructure-independence.md)

## Conflicts with

- [Framework Leakage](https://banes-lab.com/records/architecture/framework-leakage.md)

## In tension with

- [Boilerplate](https://banes-lab.com/records/lexicon/boilerplate.md)

## Tensions

- [Ports and Adapters Architecture / Boilerplate](https://banes-lab.com/records/tension/boilerplate-ports-and-adapters-architecture.md)

## Severity

- [recommended](https://banes-lab.com/records/vocabulary/severity-recommended.md)

## Category

- [Codebase / System Architecture Styles](https://banes-lab.com/records/architecture-category/codebase-system-architecture-styles.md)

## Linked from

- [The direction axis](https://banes-lab.com/software-architecture/model/the-direction-axis.md)
- [Anti-patterns](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/principles/architecture-category-anti-patterns.md)
- [Correctness / Determinism / Verification](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/principles/architecture-category-correctness-determinism-verification.md)
- [Core Modular Design](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/principles/architecture-category-core-modular-design.md)
- [SOLID / Object-Oriented Design](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/principles/architecture-category-solid-object-oriented-design.md)
- [Codebase / System Architecture Styles](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/lexicon/lexicon-category-codebase-system-architecture-styles.md)
- [Core Vocabulary](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/lexicon/lexicon-category-core-vocabulary.md)
- [Severity levels](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/schema/the-vocabulary-severity.md)
- [The resolutions](https://banes-lab.com/ontology/schema/the-resolutions.md)